Anthroclan

Types of marriage   A. Monogamy: It is a form of marriage when a single man marries a single woman or vice-versa and they settle down from a family. “Mono” means single and “Gamous” means marriage. Example – marriage among Kondh, Santhal, Oraon, etc.Monogamy is a response to balance sex ratio. As it also favors almost everyone a chance to have at least one spouse and also it provides effective sexual gratification for women and men. It also facilitates relatively easy rules of inheritance, succession and membership in kin group. Monogamy helps to maintain effective child rearing procedure and augment close emotional ties between parents and children. This form of marriage is vibrant in Indian Hindu Society.According to Malinowski, “Monogamy has been and will remain the only true type of marriage". Among the Hindus, until the passing of the Hindu Marriage Act of 1955, a Hindu man was permitted to marry more than one woman at a time. Although permitted, polygyny has n...

Descent  In all societies, there are social groups whose membership is based on descent; members share a common ancestor or living relative. Descent groups help to define the pool of potential mates, the group of people who are obligated to help in economic and political issues, and may even dictate which religion is followed, particularly in unilineal descent groups.  In all societies there are social groups whose membership is based on descent; members share a common ancestor or living relative. Descent groups help to define the pool of potential mates, the group of people who are obligated to help in economic and political issues, and may even dictate which religion is followed, particularly in unilineal descent groups. The term descent denotes the relationship that bonds the child to its mother or father, through which the elements that constitute the main characteristics of their status are transmitted. These include name, surname, heritage, and so on. Descent...

1. Structure- functional approach to kinship The functional method of anthropology – a method which consists of above all in the analysis of primitive institutions as they work at present, rather than in the reconstruction of a hypothetical past. Functionalists view the family unit as a construct that fulfills important functions and keeps society running smoothly. Functionalists identify a number of functions families typically perform: reproduction; socialization; care, protection, and emotional support; assignment of status; and regulation of sexual behavior through social norms. For functionalists, the family creates well-integrated members of society by instilling the social culture into children.Radcliffe-Brown proposed that most stateless, “primitive” societies, lacking strong centralized institutions, are based on an association of descent groups. These clans emerge from family units. Structural functionalism is a framework that sees society as a complex system whose par...